Data structure
Data Structure
Data Structure (pronunciation: /ˈdeɪtə ˈstrʌktʃər/) is a specialized format for organizing, processing, retrieving and storing data. It represents the relationship between data, and functions that can be applied to the data.
Etymology
The term "Data Structure" is derived from the English words "data", which means facts or information, and "structure", which refers to the arrangement or relationship between different parts.
Types of Data Structures
There are several types of data structures, each designed to handle the organization and processing of data in different ways. Some of the most common types include:
- Array: A collection of elements identified by array index.
- Linked List: A linear collection of data elements, where linear order is not given by their physical placement in memory.
- Stack: A linear data structure which follows a particular order in which the operations are performed.
- Queue: A particular kind of abstract data type or collection in which the entities in the collection are kept in order.
- Tree: A widely used abstract data type that simulates a hierarchical tree structure, with a root value and subtrees of children with a parent node.
- Graph: A non-linear data structure consisting of nodes and edges. The nodes are sometimes also referred to as vertices and the edges are lines or arcs that connect any two nodes in the graph.
- Hash Table: A data structure that implements an associative array abstract data type, a structure that can map keys to values.
Related Terms
- Algorithm: A set of rules or procedures for solving a problem in a finite number of steps.
- Database: A structured set of data.
- Programming: The process of creating a set of instructions that tell a computer how to perform a task.
- Software: The programs and other operating information used by a computer.
- Computer Science: The study of computers and computing technologies.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Data structure
- Wikipedia's article - Data structure
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