Connexons
Connexons (pronunciation: /kəˈnɛksɒnz/), also known as gap junction proteins, are integral membrane proteins that form channels across the cell membrane allowing for direct communication between the cytoplasm of adjacent cells.
Etymology
The term "connexon" is derived from the Latin word "connexus" which means "connection" or "link". This is in reference to the role these proteins play in facilitating intercellular communication.
Structure
Each connexon is composed of six connexin proteins. These proteins come together to form a hemichannel, or half of a gap junction channel. When two hemichannels from adjacent cells align, they create a complete gap junction channel.
Function
Connexons allow for the direct transfer of small molecules and ions between cells. This is crucial for many physiological processes, including cell signaling, homeostasis, and cell differentiation.
Related Terms
- Connexin: The protein subunits that make up connexons.
- Gap Junction: The intercellular channel formed by two connexons.
- Cell Membrane: The biological membrane that separates the interior of a cell from its outside environment.
- Cell Signaling: The process of communication that governs basic activities of cells and coordinates cell actions.
- Homeostasis: The state of steady internal, physical, and chemical conditions maintained by living systems.
- Cell Differentiation: The process in which a cell changes from one cell type to another.
See Also
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