Cold War
Cold War
Cold War (/koʊld wɔːr/) is a term used to describe the intense geopolitical tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union, and their respective allies, from 1945 to 1991.
Etymology
The term "Cold War" was first used by the English writer George Orwell in his essay "You and the Atomic Bomb" published in 1945. Orwell used it to refer to what he predicted would be a nuclear stalemate between “two or three monstrous super-states, each possessed of a weapon by which millions of people can be wiped out in a few seconds.” It was later popularized by Bernard Baruch, an American financier and presidential advisor, in a speech during 1947.
Related Terms
- Iron Curtain: A term popularized by Winston Churchill to describe the ideological, political, and physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II until the end of the Cold War.
- NATO: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 North American and European countries established in 1949.
- Warsaw Pact: A collective defense treaty among eight communist states of Central and Eastern Europe in existence during the Cold War.
- Arms Race: A competition for supremacy in nuclear warfare between the United States, the Soviet Union, and their respective allies during the Cold War.
- Space Race: The 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), to achieve firsts in spaceflight capability.
- Detente: The easing of strained relations, especially in a political situation, which was a policy of the Richard Nixon administration during the Cold War.
- Fall of the Berlin Wall: A pivotal event towards the end of the Cold War signifying the fall of Soviet Union's influence in East Germany.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Cold War
- Wikipedia's article - Cold War
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