Cloacal exstrophy

Cloacal Exstrophy (kloh-AY-kal eks-TROH-fee) is a severe birth defect wherein much of the abdominal organs are exposed at birth. It is a rare condition, occurring in approximately 1 in 200,000 to 400,000 births.

Etymology

The term "cloacal exstrophy" is derived from the Latin words "cloaca," meaning sewer, and "exstrophy," meaning to turn inside out.

Definition

Cloacal exstrophy is a complex condition that involves several anomalies including:

• Exposed bladder (bladder exstrophy)
• Exposed intestines
• Imperforate anus (absence of a normal anal opening)
• Spinal defects
• Genital abnormalities

Symptoms

The most obvious symptom of cloacal exstrophy is the presence of exposed abdominal organs at birth. Other symptoms may include:

• Abnormal genitalia
• Absence of the anus
• Spinal abnormalities

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of cloacal exstrophy is typically made at birth due to the visible abnormalities. Prenatal ultrasound may also detect the condition.

Treatment

Treatment for cloacal exstrophy is surgical and aims to repair the abdominal wall, create a functioning anus, and reconstruct the genitalia. Multiple surgeries are often required.

Prognosis

With proper treatment, individuals with cloacal exstrophy can lead healthy lives. However, they may require ongoing medical care and may have issues with bowel and bladder control, as well as sexual function.

Related Terms

• Bladder Exstrophy
• Imperforate Anus
• Omphalocele
• Gastroschisis

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Cloacal exstrophy
• Wikipedia's article - Cloacal exstrophy

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