Classical Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
Classical Conditioning (pronunciation: /ˈklæsɪkəl kənˈdɪʃənɪŋ/), also known as Pavlovian Conditioning or Respondent Conditioning, is a type of learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus. The term was first coined by Ivan Petrovich Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, in the early 20th century.
Etymology
The term "Classical Conditioning" is derived from the fact that it is a type of learning situation that was first studied in detail by Ivan Pavlov, hence it is often referred to as "Pavlovian Conditioning". The term "Respondent Conditioning" is used because the response, or behavior, is triggered by a stimulus.
Process
The process of Classical Conditioning involves pairing a previously neutral stimulus (which does not lead to a particular response) with a naturally occurring stimulus. After repeated pairings, the organism begins to associate the two stimuli, leading to a change in behavior when the previously neutral stimulus is presented alone. This process involves four key components: the unconditioned stimulus (UCS), the unconditioned response (UCR), the conditioned stimulus (CS), and the conditioned response (CR).
Related Terms
- Unconditioned Stimulus - A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any learning.
- Unconditioned Response - The automatic response to the unconditioned stimulus.
- Conditioned Stimulus - The previously neutral stimulus that, after being paired with the unconditioned stimulus, eventually triggers a conditioned response.
- Conditioned Response - The learned response to the previously neutral stimulus.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Classical Conditioning
- Wikipedia's article - Classical Conditioning
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