Carotid-cavernous fistula
Carotid-Cavernous Fistula
Carotid-Cavernous Fistula (ka-ROT-id kav-er-NOUS FIST-yoo-la) is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal connection between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. This condition can lead to various symptoms such as proptosis, chemosis, cranial nerve palsy, and intracranial bruit.
Etymology
The term "Carotid-Cavernous Fistula" is derived from the names of the two structures involved in the condition. "Carotid" refers to the carotid artery, one of the major arteries supplying blood to the brain. "Cavernous" refers to the cavernous sinus, a large venous structure located at the base of the skull. "Fistula" is a term used in medicine to describe an abnormal connection between two body parts.
Symptoms
Symptoms of a Carotid-Cavernous Fistula can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:
- Proptosis or bulging of the eye
- Chemosis or swelling of the conjunctiva
- Cranial nerve palsy or weakness of the muscles controlled by the cranial nerves
- Intracranial bruit or abnormal sound heard using a stethoscope on the skull
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of a Carotid-Cavernous Fistula typically involves a combination of clinical examination and imaging studies. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) scans can be used to visualize the fistula. Angiography may also be used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of the condition.
Treatment
Treatment of a Carotid-Cavernous Fistula often involves a procedure known as endovascular embolization. This procedure involves the insertion of a catheter into the blood vessels to block off the abnormal connection. In some cases, surgery may be required.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Carotid-cavernous fistula
- Wikipedia's article - Carotid-cavernous fistula
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