Cardiac glycosides
Cardiac Glycosides
Cardiac glycosides (pronunciation: /kɑːrˈdaɪæk ˈɡlaɪkəˌsaɪdz/) are a class of organic compounds that have a direct effect on the heart muscle and are used in the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases, including congestive heart failure and arrhythmia.
Etymology
The term "cardiac glycosides" is derived from the Greek words kardia meaning heart and glykos meaning sweet. This is due to the presence of a sugar component in their chemical structure.
Mechanism of Action
Cardiac glycosides work by inhibiting the sodium-potassium ATPase pump, which leads to an increase in intracellular calcium levels. This results in increased force of myocardial contraction, slowing of the heart rate, and improved heart efficiency.
Examples
Some examples of cardiac glycosides include digoxin, digitoxin, and ouabain. These are derived from various plants such as the foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) and the Strophanthus species.
Side Effects
Potential side effects of cardiac glycosides can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, blurred vision, and arrhythmia. In severe cases, they can lead to cardiac arrest.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Cardiac glycosides
- Wikipedia's article - Cardiac glycosides
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