Carcinogens
Carcinogens
Carcinogens (pronunciation: /kɑːrˈsɪnədʒən/) are substances or agents that have the potential to cause cancer in living tissues. The term is derived from the Greek words karkinos (cancer) and genes (born of, produced by).
Classification
Carcinogens are classified into three categories: physical, chemical, and biological.
- Physical carcinogens include certain types of radiation, such as ultraviolet light and radioactive materials.
- Chemical carcinogens include substances such as asbestos, tobacco smoke, and alcohol.
- Biological carcinogens include certain bacteria and viruses, such as HPV and Hepatitis B.
Mechanism of Action
Carcinogens cause cancer by altering the genetic material (DNA) of cells, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and division, a process known as carcinogenesis. This can occur through direct DNA damage or through the production of free radicals that damage DNA.
Exposure and Risk
Exposure to carcinogens can occur in various settings, including the workplace, the home, and the environment. The risk of developing cancer depends on several factors, including the duration and intensity of exposure and the individual's genetic makeup.
Prevention and Control
Prevention and control of exposure to carcinogens can significantly reduce the risk of cancer. This can be achieved through various strategies, such as avoiding tobacco smoke, limiting alcohol consumption, protecting against sun exposure, and getting vaccinated against certain viruses.
See Also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Carcinogens
- Wikipedia's article - Carcinogens
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