CD22
CD22
CD22, or Cluster of Differentiation 22, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD22 gene. It is often referred to as a cell adhesion molecule that plays a critical role in the health and function of the immune system, particularly in the activity of B cells.
Pronunciation
CD22 is pronounced as "see-dee-twenty-two".
Etymology
The term "CD22" is derived from the system of Cluster of Differentiation, a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules present on leukocytes. "CD22" is the 22nd entry in this series.
Function
CD22 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and serves as a receptor for sialic acid. It is primarily found on the surface of mature B cells and is involved in regulating signal transduction. CD22 plays a crucial role in B-cell antigen receptor signaling, acting as an inhibitory receptor that helps prevent overactivation of the immune response.
Related Terms
- B cells: A type of white blood cell that is vital to the immune response. CD22 is primarily found on the surface of these cells.
- Immunoglobulin superfamily: A large group of proteins involved in the immune response, of which CD22 is a member.
- Sialic acid: A sugar molecule that CD22 binds to, helping to regulate the immune response.
- Signal transduction: The process by which a signal is passed from the cell surface to its interior. CD22 plays a role in this process within B cells.
- B-cell antigen receptor: A type of receptor on the surface of B cells that binds to antigens. CD22 helps regulate the signaling of these receptors.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on CD22
- Wikipedia's article - CD22
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