Bovine viral diarrhea
Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD)
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is a contagious disease of cattle that can cause a wide range of clinical syndromes including reproductive, respiratory and gastrointestinal problems. Pronounced as /ˈboʊvaɪn ˈvaɪrəl ˈdaɪəriə/.
Etymology
The term "Bovine" is derived from the Latin word "bos", meaning "cow", while "viral" refers to the nature of the disease being caused by a virus. "Diarrhea" is a term of Greek origin, from "dia" meaning "through" and "rhein" meaning "to flow".
Clinical Signs
Clinical signs of BVD can vary widely, but often include fever, decreased appetite, nasal and eye discharge, oral lesions, diarrhea, decreased milk production, and reproductive problems such as abortions and birth defects.
Transmission
BVD is primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected animals or their bodily fluids. It can also be spread indirectly through contaminated feed or equipment.
Prevention and Control
Prevention and control of BVD involve a combination of biosecurity measures, vaccination, and testing and culling of persistently infected animals.
Related Terms
- Bovine: Pertaining to cattle.
- Virus: A small infectious agent that can only replicate inside the living cells of an organism.
- Diarrhea: A condition characterized by the frequent passage of loose or liquid stools.
- Biosecurity: Procedures or measures designed to protect the population against harmful biological or biochemical substances.
- Vaccination: The administration of a vaccine to help the immune system develop protection from a disease.
- Epidemiology: The study and analysis of the distribution, patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Bovine viral diarrhea
- Wikipedia's article - Bovine viral diarrhea
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