Biological membrane
Biological Membrane
Biological membrane (pronunciation: /baɪəˈlɒdʒɪkəl ˈmɛmbreɪn/), also known as a biomembrane or cell membrane, is an enclosing or separating membrane that acts as a selectively permeable barrier within living things.
Etymology
The term "biological membrane" is derived from the Greek word "bios" meaning "life" and the Latin word "membrana" meaning "skin".
Definition
Biological membranes are composed of a double layer of lipids and proteins that separates the interior of the cell from its environment. They are involved in a variety of cellular processes including cell adhesion, ion conductivity and cell signaling and serve as the attachment surface for both intracellular and extracellular structures.
Structure
The structure of a biological membrane is composed of a lipid bilayer, which is a double layer of lipids (fats). These lipids have a hydrophilic, or water-attracting, head and a hydrophobic, or water-repelling, tail. This structure allows the membrane to be selectively permeable.
Function
Biological membranes have a wide variety of functions, from providing a barrier to protect the cell, to regulating the entry and exit of substances, to communicating with other cells via protein receptors.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Biological membrane
- Wikipedia's article - Biological membrane
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