Atomic Theory
Atomic Theory
Atomic Theory (pronunciation: /əˈtɒmɪk ˈθɪəri/) is a scientific theory that proposes that matter is composed of discrete units called Atoms.
Etymology
The term "Atomic Theory" comes from the Greek word "atomos", meaning indivisible. It was first proposed by ancient Greek philosophers Leucippus and his pupil Democritus.
Definition
Atomic Theory is a fundamental concept in Chemistry and Physics that explains the nature and behavior of matter. The theory posits that all matter is composed of tiny, indivisible, and indestructible building blocks known as atoms. These atoms can combine to form Molecules, which in turn form most of the objects we interact with in our daily lives.
History
The concept of the atom as an indivisible particle was first proposed in the 5th century BC by Leucippus and Democritus. However, their ideas were largely ignored until the 19th century when scientists like John Dalton and J.J. Thomson conducted experiments that provided evidence for the existence of atoms.
Modern Atomic Theory
Modern Atomic Theory, also known as the quantum mechanical model of the atom, was developed in the early 20th century. It describes atoms as a small, dense nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons. This model was developed by many scientists, including Niels Bohr, Ernest Rutherford, and Werner Heisenberg.
Related Terms
- Atom: The smallest unit of a chemical element that retains the properties of that element.
- Molecule: A group of atoms bonded together.
- Element: A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
- Compound: A substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together.
- Subatomic Particles: Particles that are smaller than an atom, including protons, neutrons, and electrons.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Atomic Theory
- Wikipedia's article - Atomic Theory
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