Arctic tundra
Arctic Tundra
The Arctic Tundra (pronunciation: /ˈɑːrktɪk ˈtʌndrə/) is a type of biome that is characterized by its cold, dry climate. The term "Arctic Tundra" comes from the Russian word "тундра" which means "treeless mountain tract."
Climate
The Arctic Tundra is known for its harsh climate. The average annual temperature is -12°C to -6°C, with winter temperatures dropping as low as -50°C. Despite the cold, the Arctic Tundra experiences 24 hours of sunlight during the summer months, a phenomenon known as the midnight sun.
Flora and Fauna
The Arctic Tundra is home to a variety of plants and animals that have adapted to its extreme conditions. The vegetation is typically low-lying and includes species such as mosses, lichens, and grasses. The fauna includes species such as the Arctic fox, polar bear, and various species of birds and insects.
Human Impact
Human activities, particularly climate change, have had a significant impact on the Arctic Tundra. Rising temperatures have led to permafrost thawing, which releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and further exacerbates global warming.
Related Terms
- Permafrost: A layer of soil, rock or sediment that is frozen for more than two consecutive years. In the Arctic Tundra, this layer can be several hundred meters deep.
- Biome: A large community of plants and animals that occupies a distinct region.
- Biodiversity: The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Arctic tundra
- Wikipedia's article - Arctic tundra
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