Ankle jerk reflex
Ankle Jerk Reflex
The Ankle Jerk Reflex (pronounced: /ˈæŋ.kəl dʒɝːk riːˈfleks/), also known as the Achilles Reflex, is a type of reflex that is tested using a reflex hammer to check the integrity of the S1 and S2 nerves. It is a deep tendon reflex that occurs when the Achilles tendon is tapped while the foot is dorsi-flexed.
Etymology
The term "Ankle Jerk Reflex" is derived from the location of the reflex (the ankle), and the action that is observed (a jerk or sudden movement). The term "Achilles Reflex" is named after the Achilles tendon, which is the tendon that is tapped during the test.
Procedure
The patient is asked to relax and the leg is slightly bent at the knee to isolate the movement of the ankle. The examiner then holds the foot in slight dorsiflexion (toes pointing slightly upwards) and taps the Achilles tendon with a reflex hammer. A normal response is the 'jerk' of the foot towards plantar flexion.
Clinical Significance
The Ankle Jerk Reflex is used to assess the integrity of the sacral nerves S1 and S2. An absent or decreased response can indicate damage to these nerves, or to the spinal cord at the level of these nerves. An exaggerated response may indicate an upper motor neuron lesion.
Related Terms
- Reflex
- Reflex hammer
- Deep tendon reflex
- Achilles tendon
- S1 and S2 nerves
- Sacral nerves
- Spinal cord
- Upper motor neuron lesion
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Ankle jerk reflex
- Wikipedia's article - Ankle jerk reflex
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