Acute motor axonal neuropathy
Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy
Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN), pronounced as /əˈkjuːt ˈmoʊtər ækˈsoʊnəl njuːrəˈpæθi/, is a subtype of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The term originates from the Greek words "akutos" (meaning sharp or severe), "motor" (referring to movement), "axon" (referring to the long threadlike part of a nerve cell), and "pathos" (meaning suffering or disease).
Overview
AMAN is characterized by rapid onset of motor paralysis without sensory loss. It is caused by an autoimmune response that attacks the peripheral nerves, specifically the axons in the motor nerves, leading to muscle weakness and paralysis.
Symptoms
The symptoms of AMAN include weakness in the limbs, difficulty swallowing, and in severe cases, respiratory failure. The onset is usually rapid, often progressing from minor symptoms to near total paralysis within days.
Causes
AMAN is believed to be triggered by an infection, often a Campylobacter jejuni infection, which leads to an autoimmune response where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the peripheral nerves.
Treatment
Treatment for AMAN typically involves supportive care, including respiratory support if needed, and immunotherapy such as Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or Plasma exchange.
Prognosis
The prognosis for AMAN is generally good, with most patients experiencing a complete recovery. However, the recovery period can be lengthy, often requiring several months to a year.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Acute motor axonal neuropathy
- Wikipedia's article - Acute motor axonal neuropathy
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