Absorption (pharmacology)

Absorption (pharmacology)

Absorption in Pharmacology refers to the process by which a drug or other substance enters the body and is assimilated by it. The term is often used in the context of drug administration, where absorption is the first step in the process of drug action.

Pronunciation

Absorption is pronounced as /əbˈsɔːrpʃən/.

Etymology

The term 'Absorption' is derived from the Latin word 'absorptio', which means 'to suck in'. In the context of pharmacology, it refers to the process by which drugs are 'sucked in' by the body.

Process

Absorption involves several steps, starting with the administration of the drug. The drug then passes through the gastrointestinal tract (if taken orally) or other routes such as the skin (for topical drugs) or lungs (for inhaled drugs). The drug molecules then pass through the cell membranes and enter the bloodstream, where they are transported to the site of action.

Factors affecting absorption

Several factors can affect the rate and extent of drug absorption, including the drug's chemical properties, the dosage form, the route of administration, and the patient's physiological condition. For example, drugs that are weakly acidic or basic can be absorbed more readily in certain parts of the gastrointestinal tract.

Related terms

Bioavailability: The proportion of a drug or other substance which enters the circulation when introduced into the body and so is able to have an active effect.
Distribution: The dispersion or dissemination of substances throughout the fluids and tissues of the body.
Metabolism: The process by which the body breaks down and converts medication into active chemical substances.
Excretion: The process by which waste products of metabolism and other non-useful materials are eliminated from an organism.