X-linked

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X-linked

X-linked (/eksˈlɪŋkt/), also known as sex-linked, refers to the pattern of inheritance for genes located on the X chromosome. The term originates from the X chromosome, one of the two sex chromosomes in humans and most other mammals.

Etymology

The term "X-linked" is derived from the X chromosome, named for its unique properties by its discoverer, German cytologist Hermann Henking in 1891. Henking noted that one of the two types of sex chromosomes did not separate during meiosis and appeared as an extra appendage or "X" shape.

Related Terms

  • X chromosome: One of the two sex chromosomes in humans and most other mammals. Genes on the X chromosome are said to be X-linked.
  • Y chromosome: The other sex chromosome in humans and most other mammals. It is smaller than the X chromosome and carries fewer genes.
  • Sex-linked: A term often used interchangeably with X-linked, though it can also refer to genes on the Y chromosome.
  • Genetic inheritance: The process by which genes are passed on from parents to their offspring.
  • Genetic disorder: A disease or condition caused by abnormalities in an individual's genome. Some genetic disorders are X-linked.
  • Hemophilia: A well-known example of an X-linked disorder. It is a blood clotting disorder caused by a mutation in a gene on the X chromosome.

See Also

External links

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