Very low-density lipoprotein

Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) is a type of lipoprotein made by the liver. VLDL is one of the five major groups of lipoproteins (chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL) that enable fats and cholesterol to move within the water-based solution of the bloodstream.

Structure

VLDL particles are assembled in the liver from triglyceride and cholesterol. Each VLDL particle contains a mixture of cholesterol molecules, cholesterol esters, triglyceride, and proteins known as apolipoproteins.

Function

The primary purpose of VLDL particles is to transport triglyceride from the liver to adipose tissue. In the bloodstream, VLDL interacts with lipoprotein lipase on the walls of blood vessels, delivering triglyceride to cells, where it is stored or used for energy. VLDL remnants are taken up by the liver, and its cholesterol is repackaged into LDL particles and released into the bloodstream.

Health implications

High levels of VLDL cholesterol have been associated with the development of atherosclerosis, which can lead to diseases such as coronary artery disease and stroke. Therefore, maintaining healthy VLDL levels is important for cardiovascular health.

See also

• Cholesterol
• Lipoprotein
• Atherosclerosis
• Coronary artery disease
• Stroke