TRNA

tRNA

tRNA or transfer RNA (pronounced /tiːɑːrˈɛnˈeɪ/) is a type of RNA (ribonucleic acid) that plays a crucial role in protein synthesis. The term "tRNA" is derived from the words "transfer" and "RNA", indicating its function in transferring amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Function

tRNA is responsible for decoding the mRNA (messenger RNA) sequence into a protein. Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome where it is added to the growing protein chain. This process is guided by the genetic code, with each three-nucleotide codon in the mRNA corresponding to a specific amino acid.

Structure

tRNA molecules have a unique three-dimensional structure that allows them to recognize and bind to specific codons on the mRNA. This structure includes an anticodon region, which matches the codon on the mRNA, and an amino acid attachment site, where the appropriate amino acid is attached.

Types

There are many different types of tRNA, each corresponding to a specific amino acid and codon. These include, but are not limited to, tRNA-Ala, tRNA-Cys, tRNA-Leu, and tRNA-Met.

Related Terms

• Amino Acid
• Codon
• Ribosome
• Protein Synthesis
• mRNA
• Anticodon

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on TRNA
• Wikipedia's article - TRNA

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