Symphysis

Symphysis is a type of joint that exists between two bones in the body. It is characterized by a fibrocartilaginous fusion between two bones, unlike most joints which are separated by a cavity. The term "symphysis" is derived from the Greek word "σύμφυσις" (symphysis), meaning 'growing together'.

Anatomy

Symphyses are slightly movable joints where the bones are joined by fibrocartilage. This type of joint is found in several areas of the body, including between the vertebrae in the spine, the two pubic bones, and between the mandible bones.

Types of Symphysis

There are several types of symphysis in the human body:

• Pubic symphysis: This is a midline cartilaginous joint uniting the left and right pubic bones.
• Mandibular symphysis: This is the line of union of the two halves of the mandible.
• Intervertebral disc: This is a fibrocartilaginous joint that serves as a cushion between each of the vertebrae in the spine.
• Manubriosternal joint: This is the cartilaginous joint that separates the manubrium and the body of the sternum.

Clinical Significance

Symphysis can be affected by various medical conditions:

• Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction (SPD): This is a condition that causes excessive movement of the pubic symphysis, either anterior or lateral, as well as associated pain, possibly because of a misalignment of the pelvis.
• Osteitis pubis: This is a condition that affects the pubic symphysis, causing it to become inflamed.
• Degenerative disc disease: This is a condition that can affect the intervertebral discs, causing them to degenerate over time.

See Also

• Joint
• Fibrocartilage
• Vertebrae
• Spine
• Pubic bones
• Mandible

References

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