Proteolytic enzyme

Proteolytic Enzyme

Proteolytic enzymes, also known as proteases, peptidases, or proteinases (== Template:IPA ==

The Template:IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) is a system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th century as a standardized representation of the sounds of spoken language.

Pronunciation

The pronunciation of the term "IPA" is /aɪ piː eɪ/ in English.

Etymology

The term "IPA" is an acronym for the International Phonetic Alphabet. The International Phonetic Association, founded in 1886, created the IPA to provide a single, universal system for the transcription of spoken language.

Related Terms

Phonetic notation: A system used to visually represent the sounds of speech. The IPA is one type of phonetic notation.
Phonetics: The study of the physical sounds of human speech. It is concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds (phonemes), and the processes of their physiological production, auditory reception, and neurophysiological perception.
Phonology: The study of the way sounds function within a particular language or languages. While phonetics concerns the physical production, acoustic transmission and perception of the sounds of speech, phonology describes the way sounds function within a particular language or languages.
Transcription (linguistics): The systematic representation of spoken language in written form. The source of the words transcribe and transcription, the term means "to write across" in Latin, and it's the process of converting spoken language into written form. In linguistics, this is often done using the IPA.

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Proteolytic enzyme
Wikipedia's article - Proteolytic enzyme

This WikiMD dictionary article is a stub. You can help make it a full article.

Languages: - East Asian 中文, 日本, 한국어, South Asian हिन्दी, Urdu, বাংলা, తెలుగు, தமிழ், ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian Indonesian, Vietnamese, Thai, မြန်မာဘာသာ, European español, Deutsch, français, русский, português do Brasil, Italian, polski), are enzymes that catalyze proteolysis, the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids. They do this by cleaving the peptide bonds within proteins.

Etymology

The term "proteolytic enzyme" comes from the Greek words "proteios" meaning "primary" and "lysis" meaning "loosening". The suffix "-ase" is used in biochemistry to denote an enzyme.

Types of Proteolytic Enzymes

There are three main types of proteolytic enzymes based on their catalytic residue: serine proteases, cysteine proteases, and aspartic proteases. Each type has a different mechanism of action, but all serve the same overall function of breaking down proteins.

Serine Proteases

Serine proteases are a type of proteolytic enzyme that uses a serine residue in its active site to cleave peptide bonds. Examples include trypsin and chymotrypsin.

Cysteine Proteases

Cysteine proteases are another type of proteolytic enzyme that uses a cysteine residue in its active site. Examples include papain and cathepsin.

Aspartic Proteases

Aspartic proteases are a type of proteolytic enzyme that uses an aspartic acid residue in its active site. Examples include pepsin and renin.

Functions

Proteolytic enzymes play a crucial role in many biological processes, including digestion, immune response, cell division, and protein recycling. They are also involved in the regulation of several diseases, such as cancer and inflammatory disorders.

Related Terms

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Proteolytic enzyme
Wikipedia's article - Proteolytic enzyme

This WikiMD dictionary article is a stub. You can help make it a full article.

Languages: - East Asian 中文, 日本, 한국어, South Asian हिन्दी, Urdu, বাংলা, తెలుగు, தமிழ், ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian Indonesian, Vietnamese, Thai, မြန်မာဘာသာ, European español, Deutsch, français, русский, português do Brasil, Italian, polski

Proteolytic enzyme