Piezoelectric

Piezoelectricity

Piezoelectricity (pronounced: /piːˌeɪzoʊˌilɛkˈtrɪsɪti/) is the electric charge that accumulates in certain solid materials in response to applied mechanical stress. The word piezoelectricity means electricity resulting from pressure and latent heat.

Etymology

The term piezoelectricity comes from the Greek πιέζειν (piezein), which means to squeeze or press, and ἤλεκτρον (ēlektron), which means amber, an ancient source of electric charge.

Principle

Piezoelectricity is the result of the linear electromechanical interaction between the mechanical and electrical states in crystalline materials with no inversion symmetry. The piezoelectric effect is a reversible process: materials exhibiting the direct piezoelectric effect (the production of electricity when stress is applied) also exhibit the reverse piezoelectric effect (the production of stress and/or strain when an electric field is applied).

Applications

Piezoelectricity is used in many everyday applications. It is the principle behind piezoelectric sensors, piezoelectric actuators, and piezoelectric motors. It is also used in the production of ultrasound imaging and in some types of electric lighters.

Related Terms

• Piezoelectric sensor
• Piezoelectric actuator
• Piezoelectric motor
• Ultrasound imaging
• Electric lighter

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Piezoelectric
• Wikipedia's article - Piezoelectric

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