Periplasmic space
Periplasmic Space
Periplasmic space (pronunciation: /ˌpɛrɪˈplæzmɪk speɪs/) is a compartment found in Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria, although it is much more prominent in the former.
Etymology
The term "periplasmic" is derived from the Greek words "peri" meaning around or surrounding, and "plasma" meaning something formed or molded. The term "space" is from the Old English "spæc" which means "room, space, or area".
Definition
The periplasmic space is the area between the cytoplasmic membrane and the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria. It is filled with a gel-like substance known as the periplasm. This space is not present in all bacteria, but when it is, it serves as a protective barrier and a location for various biochemical processes.
Function
The periplasmic space contains a variety of proteins that participate in a range of functions, including nutrient acquisition, waste removal, and peptidoglycan synthesis. It also plays a crucial role in the protection of the cell from toxic substances.
Related Terms
- Gram-negative bacteria: A type of bacteria that does not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation.
- Gram-positive bacteria: A type of bacteria that retains the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation.
- Cytoplasmic membrane: The innermost layer of the bacterial cell envelope, also known as the plasma membrane.
- Outer membrane: The outermost layer of the bacterial cell envelope, found only in Gram-negative bacteria.
- Periplasm: The gel-like substance present in the periplasmic space.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Periplasmic space
- Wikipedia's article - Periplasmic space
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