Periodic table of elements

Periodic Table of Elements

The Periodic Table of Elements (pronunciation: /pɪˈriːədɪk ˈteɪbəl ɒv ˈɛlɪmənts/) is a tabular arrangement of chemical elements, organized based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties. Elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number, which corresponds to the number of protons in an element's atomic nucleus.

Etymology

The term "periodic table" is derived from the table's structure, which displays a periodic trend. The word "periodic" comes from the Greek word "periodos", meaning "recurring at intervals", while "table" is from the Old English "tabele", meaning "a flat slab, especially for food".

Structure

The table has rows called periods and columns called groups. The elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in their outer shell, which leads to similarities in their chemical behavior.

History

The first periodic table was developed by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869. He arranged the elements by atomic weight, corresponding to the modern practice of increasing atomic number. However, he also made adjustments based on the chemical properties of the elements, so that elements with similar properties fell into the same groups.

Elements

There are currently 118 confirmed elements on the periodic table. These range from the lightest, Hydrogen, to the heaviest currently named, Oganesson. Each element has a unique one- or two-letter symbol, an atomic number, and a standard atomic weight.

Related Terms

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Periodic table of elements
Wikipedia's article - Periodic table of elements

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Periodic table of elements