Oxidative
Oxidative Stress
Oxidative stress (pronunciation: /ɒkˈsɪdətɪv strɛs/) is a phenomenon caused by an imbalance between production and accumulation of oxygen reactive species (ORS) in cells and tissues and the ability of a biological system to detoxify these reactive products.
Etymology
The term "oxidative stress" is derived from the word "oxidation", which refers to a chemical reaction where a substance loses electrons, and "stress", which refers to a state of mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from adverse or demanding circumstances.
Related Terms
- Free radicals: Atoms or molecules that have an unpaired electron in an atomic orbital. They are highly reactive and can cause damage to parts of cells such as proteins, DNA, and cell membranes by stealing their electrons through a process called oxidation.
- Antioxidants: Substances that can prevent or slow damage to cells caused by free radicals, unstable molecules that the body produces as a reaction to environmental and other pressures.
- Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS): Chemically reactive chemical species containing oxygen. Examples include peroxides, superoxide, hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen, and alpha-oxygen.
- Oxidative Damage: Damage caused to a cell through the oxidative degradation of its components, such as proteins, lipids, and DNA.
- Redox Signaling: Biological process in which changes in oxidation and reduction (redox) states serve as signals in intracellular pathways to regulate cellular processes.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Oxidative
- Wikipedia's article - Oxidative
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