Mycorrhizae
Mycorrhizae
Mycorrhizae (pronounced: my-co-rye-zee) are a type of mutualistic symbiosis between fungi and plants. The term originates from the Greek words "mykes" meaning fungus and "rhiza" meaning root.
Etymology
The term "Mycorrhizae" was first coined in the early 20th century by a German researcher, A.B. Frank. It is derived from the Greek words "mykes" (fungus) and "rhiza" (root), literally translating to "fungus root".
Definition
Mycorrhizae are a type of symbiosis where the fungus penetrates the roots of the plant and extends its hyphae into the soil, thereby increasing the surface area for water and nutrient absorption. In return, the plant provides the fungus with carbohydrates and other organic compounds.
Types of Mycorrhizae
There are mainly two types of mycorrhizae: Ectomycorrhizae and Endomycorrhizae. Ectomycorrhizae form a sheath around the root of the plant, while Endomycorrhizae penetrate the root cells.
Importance
Mycorrhizae play a crucial role in plant nutrition, soil biology, and soil chemistry. They enhance nutrient uptake, protect plants from pathogens, and improve soil structure. They are also important in ecosystem functioning and biodiversity.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Mycorrhizae
- Wikipedia's article - Mycorrhizae
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