Molecule

Molecule

A molecule is the smallest identifiable unit of a chemical compound that has the properties of that compound and can exist in a free state. Molecules are composed of atoms that are held together by chemical bonds. These bonds form as a result of the sharing or exchange of electrons among atoms.

Structure and properties

The structure of a molecule is determined by the number and types of atoms in it, and by the bonds that hold these atoms together. The properties of a molecule, such as its reactivity, boiling point, and acidity, are largely determined by its structure.

Molecular structure

The structure of a molecule can be described in terms of its geometry, the arrangement of its atoms in space, and its connectivity, the way its atoms are bonded together.

Molecular properties

The properties of a molecule are determined by its structure and by the nature of the atoms and bonds in it. These properties include its reactivity, its physical properties, such as its phase (solid, liquid, or gas) and boiling point, and its chemical properties, such as its acidity or basicity.

Types of molecules

There are many types of molecules, ranging from simple diatomic molecules, such as oxygen (O2) and hydrogen (H2), to complex organic molecules, such as proteins and DNA.

See also

• Atom
• Chemical bond
• Chemical compound
• Chemical reaction
• Molecular biology
• Molecular physics

References

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Molecule

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