Interleukin 34

Interleukin 34 (IL-34) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL34 gene. It is a member of the interleukin family, a group of cytokines that play a crucial role in the regulation of immune system responses.

Function

IL-34 is a cytokine that promotes the differentiation and viability of monocytes and macrophages through the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R). It also plays a role in inflammation, being involved in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and in the formation of osteoclasts.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the production or function of IL-34 have been associated with several diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and cancer. In rheumatoid arthritis, IL-34 is overexpressed in the synovial fluid and is believed to contribute to the disease's pathogenesis by promoting the survival and activation of synovial macrophages. In cancer, IL-34 can promote tumor growth and metastasis by enhancing the survival and function of tumor-associated macrophages.

Research

Research is ongoing to better understand the role of IL-34 in health and disease, and to develop therapies that can modulate its activity. For example, drugs that block the activity of IL-34 are being investigated for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and cancer.

See also

• Interleukin
• Cytokine
• Monocyte
• Macrophage
• Colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor
• Inflammation
• Osteoclast
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Psoriasis
• Cancer