Longitudinal fissure

Longitudinal fissure is a deep groove that separates the two hemispheres of the brain. It is one of the most prominent features of the brain, visible even in simple representations. The longitudinal fissure extends from the front to the back of the brain, dividing it into left and right halves.

Anatomy

The longitudinal fissure contains a band of fibrous tissue known as the falx cerebri, which helps to stabilize the brain within the skull. The falx cerebri is attached at the front to the crista galli, a small upward projection of the ethmoid bone, and at the back to the tentorium cerebelli, a horizontal sheet of dura mater that supports the cerebrum.

Function

The two hemispheres of the brain are largely symmetrical in structure but have different functions. The left hemisphere is typically associated with language and logical thinking, while the right hemisphere is associated with spatial abilities and creative thinking. The longitudinal fissure helps to separate these two halves, allowing them to function independently.

Clinical significance

In some cases, the longitudinal fissure may be partially or completely absent, a condition known as agyria. This is typically associated with severe developmental disorders and cognitive impairment. In other cases, the fissure may be abnormally wide, a condition known as schizencephaly. This is typically associated with seizures and developmental delay.

See also

• Brain
• Cerebrum
• Falx cerebri
• Hemispheres of the brain

References

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