Glenohumeral joint
Glenohumeral Joint
The Glenohumeral Joint (pronounced: glen-o-hyoo-mer-al) is a ball and socket joint that allows for the articulation between the humerus (the upper arm bone) and the glenoid cavity of the scapula (shoulder blade). This joint is one of the most mobile joints in the human body, allowing for a wide range of motion in the arm.
Etymology
The term "Glenohumeral" is derived from the two bones that form the joint: the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the humerus. "Gleno-" comes from the Greek word "glenoeides", meaning socket, and "-humeral" refers to the humerus bone.
Anatomy
The Glenohumeral Joint is a synovial joint, meaning it is filled with synovial fluid which aids in reducing friction between the articular cartilage during movement. The joint is encapsulated by a fibrous capsule and is reinforced by the rotator cuff muscles, which provide stability.
Related Terms
- Rotator Cuff: A group of muscles and tendons that surround the Glenohumeral Joint, providing stability and allowing for various movements of the shoulder.
- Humerus: The bone of the upper arm or forelimb, forming joints at the shoulder and the elbow.
- Scapula: Also known as the shoulder blade, it connects the humerus bone of the arm to the collarbone.
- Glenoid Cavity: A part of the scapula where the humerus fits to form the Glenohumeral Joint.
- Synovial Fluid: A viscous, non-Newtonian fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints. It reduces friction between the articular cartilage during movement.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Glenohumeral joint
- Wikipedia's article - Glenohumeral joint
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