Genetic markers
Genetic markers
Genetic markers (pronunciation: /dʒɪˈnɛtɪk ˈmɑːrkər/) are a gene or DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome that can be used to identify individuals or species. They can be described as variations in the DNA that are closely associated with a particular trait or condition.
Etymology
The term "genetic marker" is derived from the words "genetic", which comes from the Greek word "genetikos" meaning "genitive" and "marker" which is an English word meaning "a distinguishing feature".
Related terms
- Allele: One of two or more versions of a gene that are found at the same place on a chromosome.
- Chromosome: A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
- DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
- Gene: A unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
- Genome: The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
- Genotype: The genetic constitution of an individual organism.
- Phenotype: The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Genetic markers
- Wikipedia's article - Genetic markers
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