Fungicides
Fungicides
Fungicides (/fʌnˈdʒaɪsaɪdz/; from Latin: fungus, "fungus" + caedere, "to kill") are biocidal chemical compounds or biological organisms used to kill or inhibit fungi or fungal spores. Fungi can cause serious damage in agriculture, resulting in critical losses of yield, quality, and profit.
Etymology
The term "fungicide" is derived from the Latin words "fungus," meaning fungus, and "caedere," meaning to kill. It was first used in the early 20th century to describe substances used to control or eliminate fungi.
Types of Fungicides
Fungicides can be classified into two major groups: contact fungicides and systemic fungicides. Contact fungicides are not taken up into the plant tissue and protect only the plant where the spray is deposited. Systemic fungicides are taken up and redistributed through the xylem vessels.
Contact Fungicides
Contact fungicides are not absorbed into the plant tissue and only protect the plant where the spray is deposited. Examples of contact fungicides include chlorothalonil and copper sulfate.
Systemic Fungicides
Systemic fungicides are absorbed and redistributed through the plant. They are used to control diseases that are difficult to manage with contact fungicides. Examples of systemic fungicides include propiconazole and hexaconazole.
Usage
Fungicides are used in a wide range of fields, including agriculture, botany, and medicine. In agriculture, they are used to control fungal diseases that can damage crops. In medicine, they are used to treat fungal infections in humans and animals.
Safety and Environmental Impact
While fungicides are useful in controlling fungal diseases, they can also have negative impacts on the environment and human health. Some fungicides can be toxic to humans and animals, and their use can lead to the development of fungicide resistance in fungi.
See Also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Fungicides
- Wikipedia's article - Fungicides
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