Factor

Factor V is a protein of the coagulation system, usually existing as a molecule composed of a single chain, that is involved in the blood clotting process. It is one of the critical factors that contribute to the coagulation cascade, which prevents excessive bleeding by promoting clot formation.

Function

Factor V is a cofactor that participates in the prothrombinase complex, a group of proteins that play a key role in the blood clotting process. This complex converts prothrombin, a protein produced by the liver, into thrombin, which is a key enzyme in clot formation. Factor V is activated when it is cleaved by factor Xa, another protein involved in the coagulation cascade.

Factor V Leiden

Factor V Leiden is a mutation of one of the clotting factors in the blood called factor V. This genetic mutation increases the chance of developing abnormal blood clotting that can result in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).

Clinical significance

Deficiency of Factor V can lead to a rare bleeding disorder known as Factor V deficiency or Owren's disease. This condition is usually inherited and can lead to symptoms such as nosebleeds, easy bruising, and excessive bleeding after surgery or injury.

On the other hand, too much Factor V can lead to an increased risk of developing blood clots, a condition known as thrombophilia. The most common cause of increased Factor V is the Factor V Leiden mutation.

See also

• Coagulation
• Factor X
• Prothrombin
• Thrombin
• Deep vein thrombosis
• Pulmonary embolism

References

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