Endocrine pancreas
Endocrine Pancreas
The Endocrine Pancreas (pronounced: en-doh-KRIN PAN-kree-us) is a part of the Pancreas that produces and secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream. The term originates from the Greek words 'endo' meaning 'within' and 'krinein' meaning 'to separate'.
Function
The primary function of the Endocrine Pancreas is to regulate the body's glucose levels. It does this by producing two main hormones: Insulin and Glucagon. Insulin lowers blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake and storage of glucose in cells, while Glucagon raises blood glucose levels by promoting the breakdown of stored glucose (glycogen) in the liver.
Anatomy
The Endocrine Pancreas is composed of clusters of cells known as Islets of Langerhans. These islets contain two types of cells: Alpha cells and Beta cells. Alpha cells produce Glucagon, and Beta cells produce Insulin.
Disorders
Disorders of the Endocrine Pancreas include Diabetes Mellitus, a condition characterized by high blood glucose levels due to insufficient production of Insulin or the body's inability to respond to Insulin. Another disorder is Hypoglycemia, a condition characterized by abnormally low blood glucose levels, often due to excessive Insulin or insufficient Glucagon.
Related Terms
- Exocrine Pancreas: The part of the Pancreas that produces and secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine.
- Pancreatic Islets: Another term for the Islets of Langerhans.
- Hyperglycemia: A condition characterized by high blood glucose levels.
- Hypoglycemia: A condition characterized by low blood glucose levels.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Endocrine pancreas
- Wikipedia's article - Endocrine pancreas
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