Dentine
Dentine
Dentine (pronounced: /ˈdɛntiːn/), also spelled dentin in American English, is a calcified tissue of the body and, along with enamel, cementum, and pulp, one of the four major components of teeth. It is usually covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the root and surrounds the entire pulp.
Etymology
The term "dentine" comes from the Latin word dens, meaning "tooth". The suffix "-ine" is from the Latin "-ina", used to form adjectives with the sense of 'pertaining to, of the nature of'.
Structure
Dentine is a mineralized connective tissue with an organic matrix of collagenous proteins. Dentine has microscopic channels, called dentinal tubules, which radiate outward through the dentine from the pulp cavity to the exterior cementum or enamel border. The diameter of these tubules range from 2.5 μm near the pulp, to 1.2 μm in the midportion, and 900 nm near the dentinoenamel junction.
Types of Dentine
There are three types of dentine, primary, secondary and tertiary.
- Primary dentine is formed before the eruption of the tooth.
- Secondary dentine forms after eruption.
- Tertiary dentine is created in response to stimuli, such as tooth decay or wear.
Clinical significance
Dentine forms the bulk of the tooth and can provide a solid foundation for the final tooth restoration. However, its permeability can also allow bacteria and their toxins or shock from temperature changes to reach the pulp, causing pulpitis.
Related terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Dentine
- Wikipedia's article - Dentine
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