Cytochrome P450 2D6

Cytochrome P450 2D6 (pronounced as "sigh-toe-chrome P-four-fifty two-D-six"), often abbreviated as CYP2D6, is an important enzyme in the body, mainly involved in the metabolism of drugs in the human body.

Etymology

The term "Cytochrome" originates from the Greek words "kytos" meaning "cell" and "chroma" meaning "color". This is due to the pigmented nature of the original cytochromes that were discovered. "P450" is derived from the spectral characteristic of the enzyme, which shows a maximum at 450 nm when it is in complex with carbon monoxide. The "2D6" is a specific subtype of the P450 cytochrome family.

Function

Cytochrome P450 2D6 is part of the Cytochrome P450 family of enzymes. These enzymes are responsible for the metabolism of a wide variety of substances, including many drugs and toxins. CYP2D6, in particular, is involved in the metabolism of approximately 25% of all clinically used drugs, including antidepressants, beta blockers, and opioids.

Genetic Variability

There is significant genetic variability in the activity of the CYP2D6 enzyme. Some individuals have multiple copies of the CYP2D6 gene, leading to ultra-rapid metabolism, while others have mutations that result in reduced or absent enzyme activity. This variability can significantly affect the efficacy and safety of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.

Related Terms

Cytochrome P450: The family of enzymes that CYP2D6 belongs to.
Pharmacogenomics: The study of how genes affect a person's response to drugs.
Drug metabolism: The process by which the body breaks down and converts medication into active chemical substances.

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Cytochrome P450 2D6
Wikipedia's article - Cytochrome P450 2D6

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Cytochrome P450 2D6