Nerve conduction velocity

Nerve Conduction Velocity is a test that is used to determine the speed of electrical signals through a nerve. This test is often used to diagnose nerve damage or dysfunction.

Overview

Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) is a common procedure in neurophysiology to test the speed of conduction of electrical signals in the peripheral nerves. It is often done in conjunction with Electromyography to differentiate a nerve disorder from a muscle disorder.

Procedure

During the test, the nerve is stimulated, usually with surface electrode patches attached to the skin. Two electrodes are placed on the skin over the nerve. One electrode stimulates the nerve with a very mild electrical impulse and the other electrode records it. The resulting electrical activity is recorded by another electrode. This is repeated for each nerve being tested.

Uses

The NCV test can determine nerve damage and destruction. Frequently the terms 'nerve conduction study' and 'electromyography' are used interchangeably, but they are different procedures, and it is common to perform both at the same time.

Risks

The test does cause some discomfort or pain, but it is usually very brief. The electrical shock can feel like a brief, strong 'pinprick', and each shock lasts less than a second.

See also

• Electromyography
• Neurophysiology
• Peripheral neuropathy

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  Saltatory conduction in neurons

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  Nerve conduction velocity calculation