Blood glucose

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Blood Glucose

Blood glucose (pronunciation: /blʌd 'gluːkoʊs/), also known as blood sugar, is a crucial biochemical substance that our bodies use for energy. It is derived from the food we eat and is carried to the cells through the bloodstream. The regulation of blood glucose levels is essential for proper body functioning.

Etymology

The term "blood glucose" is derived from the Greek word "glykys," which means sweet. This is in reference to the sweet taste of glucose. The term "blood" is derived from the Old English word "blod," which has been used in its current sense since the late 14th century.

Regulation of Blood Glucose

The regulation of blood glucose is primarily handled by two hormones: Insulin and Glucagon. Insulin is produced by the Pancreas when blood glucose levels are high, such as after a meal. It helps cells take in glucose from the bloodstream. Glucagon, on the other hand, is released when blood glucose levels are low, and it triggers the release of stored glucose from the liver.

Related Terms

  • Hyperglycemia: A condition characterized by an excessively high level of blood glucose.
  • Hypoglycemia: A condition characterized by an abnormally low level of blood glucose.
  • Diabetes Mellitus: A group of diseases that result from a problem with the body's regulation of blood glucose levels.
  • Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c): A form of hemoglobin that is measured to identify the average plasma glucose concentration over prolonged periods of time.
  • Fasting Blood Sugar: A test to determine the level of glucose in the blood after an 8-hour fast.

See Also

External links

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