Assisted Reproductive Technology
Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) is a term that refers to methods used to achieve pregnancy by artificial or partially artificial means. It is primarily used for infertility treatments. Some forms of ART are also used with regard to fertility preservation, such as for cancer patients who cannot conceive naturally.
Pronunciation
Assisted Reproductive Technology: /əˈsɪstɪd rɪˈprɒdʌktɪv tɛkˈnɒlədʒi/
Etymology
The term "Assisted Reproductive Technology" is derived from the English language. "Assisted" comes from the verb "assist" meaning to give support or aid, "Reproductive" is derived from "reproduce" meaning to produce again or anew, and "Technology" comes from the Greek "tekhnologia" meaning systematic treatment.
Types of Assisted Reproductive Technology
- In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): This is the most effective and commonly known type of ART. It involves retrieving eggs from a woman's ovaries and fertilizing them with sperm in a lab.
- Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI): This involves injecting a single sperm directly into an egg. The fertilized egg is then placed in a woman's uterus or fallopian tube.
- Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer (GIFT): This involves transferring eggs and sperm into a woman's fallopian tube so fertilization can occur naturally.
- Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer (ZIFT): Similar to GIFT, but in this case, the fertilization occurs in a lab before the zygote is transferred into the fallopian tube.
Related Terms
- Infertility: A condition of the reproductive system that prevents the conception of children.
- Fertility Preservation: The effort to help cancer patients retain their fertility, or ability to procreate.
- Sperm Donation: The provision (or "donation") by a man (known as a sperm donor) of his sperm.
- Egg Donation: The process by which a woman provides one or several (usually 10-15) eggs for purposes of assisted reproduction.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Assisted Reproductive Technology
- Wikipedia's article - Assisted Reproductive Technology
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