Hives

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Hives
Hives on the skin
Synonyms	Urticaria
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Itchy raised rash
Complications	Anaphylaxis, angioedema
Onset	Rapid
Duration	<24 hours per lesion
Types	N/A
Causes	Allergic reaction, stress, infection, medication
Risks	Atopy, autoimmune disease
Diagnosis	Clinical diagnosis
Differential diagnosis	Contact dermatitis, erythema multiforme, vasculitis
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Antihistamines, corticosteroids, epinephrine
Medication	Cetirizine, diphenhydramine, prednisone
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	~20% of people at some point in their lives
Deaths	N/A

Hives, also known as urticaria, is an itchy, inflamed skin rash that typically results from an allergic reaction. It manifests as raised, often red, bumps (wheals) on the skin that can appear anywhere on the body. Hives can be a distressing condition, but it is usually not life-threatening. However, in some cases, it can be a sign of a severe allergic reaction that requires immediate medical attention.

Hives_on_back

Introduction

Hives are generally characterized by sudden outbreaks of swollen, pale red bumps, plaques, or welts on the skin. They can occur singularly or can connect to form larger areas known as plaques. They are usually itchy, but can also burn or sting. The lesions can appear on any part of the body and may move around, disappear, and reappear over short periods.

Urticaria

Causes and Triggers

Hives are often a response to the body's release of histamine as part of an allergic reaction. Common triggers include certain foods, medications, infections, insect bites or stings, exposure to sunlight or cold, stress, exercise, and contact with certain chemicals or plants. In some cases, the exact cause of hives can't be identified, a condition known as idiopathic urticaria.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is typically based on the distinctive appearance of the rash and its tendency to come and go. In some cases, a doctor may recommend allergy tests to identify the cause of hives.

Treatment

The first line of treatment for hives is to identify and remove the trigger, if possible. Antihistamines are commonly used to relieve symptoms. In severe cases, corticosteroids or other drugs that suppress the immune system may be used.

Complications

In rare cases, hives can be part of a severe allergic reaction known as anaphylaxis. This is a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment.

See Also

• Allergy
• Anaphylaxis
• Antihistamine

External links

• Mayo Clinic: Hives and angioedema

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