Amine group
Amine Group
An Amine Group (pronounced: /əˈmiːn, ˈæmiːn/) is a functional group that contains a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair. Amines are derivatives of Ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group.
Etymology
The term "Amine" was derived from the word "Ammonia". It was first used in the early 19th century, and it is a combination of the prefix "am-" from "ammonia" and the suffix "-ine", a common ending for names of organic compounds.
Structure and Classification
Amines are classified according to the number of carbon-containing groups that are attached to the nitrogen atom. They can be classified into three types: primary (1°) amines, secondary (2°) amines, and tertiary (3°) amines.
- Primary Amine - An amine where the nitrogen atom is bonded to one alkyl or aryl group.
- Secondary Amine - An amine where the nitrogen atom is bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups.
- Tertiary Amine - An amine where the nitrogen atom is bonded to three alkyl or aryl groups.
Properties
Amines are generally weak bases and they can form salts with acids. They are also nucleophilic and can undergo many reactions, such as alkylation, acylation, and sulfonation.
Related Terms
- Amino Acid - A compound that contains both an amine group and a carboxylic acid group.
- Amide - A compound that contains a carbonyl group (C=O) and an amine group (N-H) on the same carbon atom.
- Alkyl Group - A type of hydrocarbon group that is derived from an alkane by removing a hydrogen atom.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Amine group
- Wikipedia's article - Amine group
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