Alveoli

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Alveoli

Alveoli (pronunciation: al-VEE-uh-lie) are tiny, sac-like structures found in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.

Etymology

The term "alveoli" is derived from the Latin word "alveolus", which means "small cavity" or "small hollow". This is a fitting description, as alveoli are small air-filled spaces in the lungs.

Function

The primary function of the alveoli is to allow for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the bloodstream. Oxygen from the air we breathe in diffuses from the alveoli into the blood in the surrounding capillaries, while carbon dioxide in the blood diffuses into the alveoli to be exhaled.

Structure

Alveoli are small, with a diameter of about 200-300 micrometers. They have thin walls which are highly permeable to gases. Each alveolus is surrounded by a network of capillaries, and the close proximity of the alveoli to these blood vessels allows for efficient gas exchange.

Related Terms

  • Bronchioles: These are the small airways that lead to the alveoli.
  • Capillaries: These are the smallest blood vessels, where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.
  • Pulmonary: This term refers to anything related to the lungs.
  • Respiration: This is the process of gas exchange in the body, which involves the alveoli.

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