Nevus depigmentosus

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Nevus depigmentosus
Synonyms	Achromic nevus
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Hypopigmented patches on the skin
Complications	None
Onset	Congenital
Duration	Lifelong
Types	N/A
Causes	Unknown
Risks	None
Diagnosis	Clinical examination
Differential diagnosis	Vitiligo, Piebaldism, Tuberous sclerosis
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	None required
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Benign
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Nevus depigmentosus is a congenital, non-progressive hypopigmented skin condition characterized by a well-defined area of lighter skin. It is often present at birth or develops shortly thereafter. Unlike vitiligo, nevus depigmentosus does not spread over time.

Clinical Features

Nevus depigmentosus typically appears as a solitary, hypopigmented macule or patch. The affected area is lighter than the surrounding skin but retains some pigmentation, distinguishing it from the complete depigmentation seen in vitiligo. The borders of the nevus are usually well-defined and irregular.

Pathophysiology

The exact cause of nevus depigmentosus is not fully understood. It is believed to result from a localized defect in the transfer of melanin from melanocytes to keratinocytes. This defect leads to a reduction in pigmentation in the affected area.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of nevus depigmentosus is primarily clinical, based on the appearance of the skin lesion. A Wood's lamp examination can help differentiate it from other hypopigmented conditions, as the lesion will not fluoresce under ultraviolet light.

Differential Diagnosis

Conditions that may be considered in the differential diagnosis of nevus depigmentosus include:

• Vitiligo
• Pityriasis alba
• Tuberous sclerosis
• Hypomelanosis of Ito

Management

There is no specific treatment required for nevus depigmentosus, as it is a benign condition. Cosmetic camouflage can be used if the appearance of the lesion is a concern for the patient. It is important to educate patients and their families about the benign nature of the condition.

See also

• Vitiligo
• Melanocyte
• Hypopigmentation