CXCL6

CXCL6 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as granulocyte chemotactic protein 2 (GCP-2). Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins that are important in cell signaling. Their release has an effect on the behavior of cells around them. It gets its name from two of its molecular features. It is a chemotactic, meaning it induces directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells; and it has two adjacent cysteines (amino acids), which are the "C" in its name.

CXCL6 is secreted by macrophages, neutrophils and fibroblasts during inflammation, and it attracts neutrophils, and occasionally monocytes and granulocytes. It is also involved in wound healing and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is the physiological process through which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels.

The gene for CXCL6 is located on the fourth chromosome (4q13-21). The function of the CXCL6 protein is directed by binding to cell surface chemokine receptors. Chemokine receptors are cytokine receptors found on the surface of certain cells that interact with a type of cytokine called a chemokine.

Function

CXCL6 is a chemokine that functions in inflammation and wound healing, as well as in the formation of blood vessels (angiogenesis). It is secreted by several types of cells, including macrophages, neutrophils, and fibroblasts, in response to inflammation. Once secreted, CXCL6 attracts neutrophils, and occasionally monocytes and granulocytes, to the site of inflammation. This helps to protect the body from infection and to promote healing.

Gene

The gene for CXCL6 is located on the fourth chromosome (4q13-21). This location is known to contain a cluster of other chemokine genes, suggesting that they may function together in some way.

Protein Structure

The CXCL6 protein is a small cytokine that belongs to the CXC chemokine family. It is characterized by the presence of two adjacent cysteines (amino acids), which give the protein its name.

Clinical Significance

Due to its role in inflammation and wound healing, CXCL6 may have clinical significance in a variety of conditions. For example, it may play a role in the development of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Additionally, because it is involved in angiogenesis, CXCL6 may also be involved in the growth of certain types of cancer.

See Also

• Chemokine
• Cytokine
• Neutrophil
• Macrophage
• Fibroblast
• Angiogenesis

References

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