List of lymph nodes of the human body

List of lymph nodes in the human body

Overview

The human body contains a complex network of lymph nodes, which are small, bean-shaped structures that play a crucial role in the immune system. These nodes are distributed throughout the body and are connected by lymphatic vessels. They function as filters for harmful substances and contain immune cells that help fight infection by attacking and destroying germs that are carried in through the lymph fluid.

Cervical Lymph Nodes

Cervical lymph nodes

The cervical lymph nodes are located in the neck and are responsible for draining lymph from the head and neck region. They are divided into several groups:

• Superficial cervical nodes: Located along the external jugular vein, these nodes drain the superficial surfaces of the neck.
• Deep cervical nodes: Situated along the internal jugular vein, these nodes receive lymph from the deeper structures of the head and neck.

Axillary Lymph Nodes

The axillary lymph nodes are found in the armpit (axilla) and are crucial for draining lymph from the upper limbs, chest, and breast. They are categorized into:

• Lateral group: Drains the upper limb.
• Central group: Located centrally in the axilla, receiving lymph from the lateral, anterior, and posterior groups.
• Apical group: Drains all other axillary nodes and channels lymph into the subclavian lymphatic trunk.

Inguinal Lymph Nodes

The inguinal lymph nodes are located in the groin and are responsible for draining lymph from the lower limbs, external genitalia, and lower abdominal wall. They are divided into:

• Superficial inguinal nodes: Positioned just below the inguinal ligament, these nodes drain the skin and subcutaneous tissues.
• Deep inguinal nodes: Located deeper in the groin, these nodes receive lymph from the superficial nodes and deeper structures.

Thoracic Lymph Nodes

The thoracic lymph nodes are situated within the thoracic cavity and are involved in draining lymph from the lungs, heart, and other thoracic organs. Key groups include:

• Mediastinal nodes: Located in the mediastinum, these nodes drain the heart and lungs.
• Bronchopulmonary nodes: Found at the hilum of the lungs, they drain the lung tissue.

Abdominal Lymph Nodes

The abdominal lymph nodes are found within the abdominal cavity and are responsible for draining lymph from the gastrointestinal tract and associated organs. Important groups include:

• Mesenteric nodes: Located in the mesentery, these nodes drain the intestines.
• Celiac nodes: Situated around the celiac trunk, they drain the stomach, liver, and spleen.

Pelvic Lymph Nodes

The pelvic lymph nodes are located in the pelvic region and are involved in draining lymph from the pelvic organs. They include:

• Internal iliac nodes: Drain the pelvic organs.
• External iliac nodes: Drain the lower limbs and pelvic wall.

Related Pages

• Lymphatic system
• Immune system
• Lymphatic vessel
• Lymph