Cercopoidea

Superfamily of insects

Cercopoidea, commonly known as froghoppers or spittlebugs, are a superfamily of insects in the order Hemiptera. These insects are known for their unique nymphal stage, during which they produce a frothy mass known as "cuckoo spit". This article provides an overview of their taxonomy, morphology, life cycle, and ecological significance.

Taxonomy

Cercopoidea is a superfamily within the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, which also includes the Cicadidae (cicadas) and Membracoidea (leafhoppers and treehoppers). The superfamily is divided into several families, including:

• Aphrophoridae
• Cercopidae
• Clastopteridae
• Epipygidae
• Machaerotidae

Morphology

Froghoppers are small to medium-sized insects, typically ranging from 3 to 15 mm in length. They have a robust body and are often brightly colored. The head is short and broad, with large compound eyes and short antennae. The wings are held roof-like over the body when at rest.

Phymatostetha deschampsi

Life Cycle

The life cycle of froghoppers includes egg, nymph, and adult stages. The nymphs are known for producing a frothy mass, commonly referred to as "cuckoo spit", which serves as protection against predators and desiccation. This froth is created by mixing air with a fluid excreted from the anus.

Spittlebug nymph

Ecological Significance

Froghoppers are primarily herbivorous, feeding on plant sap. They are known to be vectors for plant pathogens, which can have significant impacts on agriculture. Despite this, they play a role in the ecosystem as prey for various predators, including birds and other insects.

Behavior

Froghoppers are known for their remarkable jumping ability. They can leap many times their body length, which is an adaptation for escaping predators. This ability is facilitated by their powerful hind legs.

Spittlebug adult

Related Pages

• Hemiptera
• Auchenorrhyncha
• Cicadidae
• Membracoidea