2010 United States census

Decennial census conducted in the United States in 2010

Seal of the United States Census Bureau

The 2010 United States census was the twenty-third decennial census conducted by the United States Census Bureau. The census, a constitutionally mandated count of the population, was conducted on April 1, 2010. The total population of the United States was determined to be 308,745,538, reflecting a 9.7% increase from the 2000 census.

Background

The United States Constitution mandates a population count every ten years to apportion seats in the United States House of Representatives. The 2010 census was the first to use short-form questionnaires only, as the long-form questionnaire was replaced by the American Community Survey.

Methodology

The 2010 census employed a short-form questionnaire that asked ten basic questions, including name, gender, age, date of birth, race, ethnicity, relationship, and housing tenure. The Census Bureau also used address canvassing to ensure an accurate count.

Data Collection

Logo of the 2010 United States Census

The Census Bureau mailed questionnaires to every household in the United States. Households that did not respond received follow-up visits from census takers. The Bureau also provided options for responding online and by phone.

Results

The 2010 census reported a total population of 308,745,538. This represented a 9.7% increase from the 2000 census. The most populous state was California, with 37,253,956 residents, while Wyoming was the least populous, with 563,626 residents.

Reapportionment

Reapportionment of the United States House of Representatives following the 2010 census

The census results were used to reapportion the 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives. As a result, eight states gained seats, while ten states lost seats. Texas gained the most seats, adding four, while New York and Ohio each lost two seats.

Population Changes

Population change by percentage according to the 2010 census

The 2010 census revealed significant population shifts within the United States. The South and West regions experienced the most growth, while the Northeast and Midwest saw slower growth rates. Nevada was the fastest-growing state, with a 35.1% increase in population.

Impact

The data collected from the 2010 census has been used for various purposes, including the allocation of federal funds, redistricting, and planning for public services. The census also provided valuable demographic information that has been used by researchers, policymakers, and businesses.

Related pages

• United States Census Bureau
• American Community Survey
• Demographics of the United States
• Reapportionment