George Armstrong Custer

George Armstrong Custer

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George Armstrong Custer

George Armstrong Custer (December 5, 1839 – June 25, 1876) was a United States Army officer and cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the American Indian Wars. He is best known for his role in the Battle of the Little Bighorn, where he and his troops were defeated by a coalition of Native American tribes.

Early Life and Education

Custer was born in New Rumley, Ohio, to Emanuel Henry Custer and Marie Ward Kirkpatrick. He spent much of his childhood living with his half-sister and brother-in-law in Monroe, Michigan. Custer attended the United States Military Academy at West Point, where he graduated last in his class in 1861.

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Custer at West Point

Civil War Service

Custer's military career began in earnest during the American Civil War. He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 2nd U.S. Cavalry and quickly rose through the ranks due to his aggressive and fearless leadership style.

Promotions and Commands

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Union Army Lieutenant Colonel rank insignia

Custer was promoted to the rank of brigadier general of volunteers at the age of 23, making him one of the youngest generals in the Union Army. He commanded the Michigan Cavalry Brigade, known for their distinctive red ties, and played a significant role in several key battles, including the Battle of Gettysburg.

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Union Army Major General rank insignia

Notable Engagements

Custer's brigade was instrumental in the Union victory at the Battle of Gettysburg, where they helped repel the Confederate cavalry under J.E.B. Stuart. He also participated in the Overland Campaign and the Shenandoah Valley Campaigns of 1864.

Post-War Career

After the Civil War, Custer was appointed a lieutenant colonel in the regular army and was assigned to the 7th Cavalry Regiment. He was involved in several campaigns against Native American tribes in the west.

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Lincoln and generals at Antietam

Indian Wars

Custer's most famous engagement during the Indian Wars was the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876. Underestimating the strength of the Native American forces, Custer and his men were overwhelmed and killed in what became known as "Custer's Last Stand."

Personal Life

Custer married Elizabeth Bacon Custer in 1864. She was a devoted wife and later became a prominent author, writing several books about her husband's life and military career.

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Custer and Washington

Legacy

Custer's legacy is controversial. He is remembered as a daring and flamboyant cavalry officer, but also criticized for his role in the Indian Wars and his tactical decisions at the Battle of the Little Bighorn.

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Custer and Pleasonton

Related Pages

• Battle of the Little Bighorn
• American Civil War
• Indian Wars
• Elizabeth Bacon Custer

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Custer's signature

External Links

• George Armstrong Custer on Wikipedia