Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma

Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a type of skin cancer that originates from the squamous cells in the epidermis, the skin's outermost layer. It is the second most common type of skin cancer, following basal cell carcinoma.

Causes

The primary cause of cSCC is prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, either from the sun or from tanning beds. Other risk factors include having light-colored skin, a history of sunburns, a weakened immune system, and exposure to certain chemicals.

Symptoms

cSCC often appears as a firm red nodule or a flat lesion with a scaly, crusted surface. It is most commonly found on areas of the body that are frequently exposed to the sun, such as the face, ears, neck, lips, and backs of the hands.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of cSCC typically involves a skin biopsy, in which a small sample of skin is removed and examined under a microscope. If cSCC is confirmed, additional tests may be performed to determine the stage of the cancer and whether it has spread to other parts of the body.

Treatment

Treatment options for cSCC depend on the size, location, and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Options may include surgery, radiation therapy, and topical medications. In some cases, a combination of treatments may be used.

Prevention

Prevention strategies for cSCC include protecting the skin from the sun, avoiding tanning beds, and regularly checking the skin for signs of cancer.

See also

• Skin cancer
• Basal cell carcinoma
• Melanoma
• Actinic keratosis
• Mohs surgery

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