Neuritis

Neuritis is a term that refers to an inflammation of the nerve or the general inflammation of the peripheral nervous system. Symptoms depend on the nerves involved but may include pain, paresthesia (pins & needles), paresis (weakness), hypoesthesia (numbness), anesthesia, paralysis, wasting, and disappearance of the reflexes.

Causes

Neuritis can be caused by injury, infection, or autoimmune disease. The types of neuritis are named according to the condition that they are associated with, such as diphtheria neuritis, brachial neuritis, optic neuritis, vestibular neuritis, and lumbosacral neuritis.

Symptoms

Symptoms of neuritis can be classified into sensory symptoms and motor symptoms. Sensory symptoms include numbness, tingling, increased sensitivity, burning and stabbing pain. Motor symptoms include muscle weakness, paralysis, and functional disability.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of neuritis is based on the patient's symptoms and clinical history. Tests may include a physical examination, blood tests, and imaging studies such as MRI or CT scan. In some cases, a nerve biopsy may be required.

Treatment

Treatment of neuritis depends on the underlying cause. It may include medications for pain and inflammation, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery. If an infection is causing the neuritis, antibiotics may be prescribed.

See also

• Neuropathy
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Radiculopathy

References

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